The Tehrani accent (), or Tehrani dialect (گویش تهرانی), is a dialect of Persian language spoken in Tehran and the most common colloquial variant of Western Persian. Compared to literary standard Persian, the Tehrani dialect lacks original Persian and tends to fuse certain sounds. The Tehrani accent should not be confused with the Old Tehrani dialect, which was a Northwestern Iranian dialect, belonging to the central group.
Some of the words used in the Tehrani accent may derive from the northwestern Iranian language of Razi dialect, such as sūsk "beetle; cockroach", jīrjīrak "cricket", zālzālak "haw(thorn)", and vejīn "weeding".
History
The Tehrani dialect in its current form has existed since the
Qajar Iran and is different from the language of the natives of Tehran; the old Tehrani dialect still exists in areas like
Shemiran and Damavand, although it is subject to extinction.
In every part of Tehran, this dialect was influenced by the neighboring cities. The northern regions such as Vanak, Shemiran, and Tajrish had the Mazandarani dialect. The southern regions of Tehran, which are adjacent to the city of Ray, had the Razi dialect. The western regions of Tehran towards Karaj were also affected from Tati.
Differences between Standard Persian and Tehrani dialect
The following are some of the main differences between colloquial Tehrani Persian and standard Iranian Persian:
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Simplification of some internal consonant clusters:
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Standard Persian /zd/ ↔ Tehrani /zː/. Example: دزدى /dozdi/ ↔ /dozːi/
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Standard Persian /st/ ↔ Tehrani /sː/. Examples: دسته /dæste/ ↔ /dæsːe/; پسته /peste/ ↔ /pesːe/
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A number of vowel raising processes and diphthong loss:
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Standard Persian آم،آن/ɒːn, ɒːm/ ↔ Tehrani /uːn, uːm/. Example: بادام /bɒːdɒːm/ ↔ /bɒːduːm/
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Standard Persian /e/ ↔ Tehrani i. Examples: جگر /dʒegær/ ↔ dʒigær; شکار /ʃekɒːr/ ↔ ʃikɒːr; کشمش /keʃmeʃ/ ↔ kiʃmiʃ
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The word-final // in Classical Persian became in modern Tehrani Persian, both colloquial and standard dialects (often romanized as "eh"), meaning is also an allophone of // in word-final position in modern Tehrani Persian) except for نه ('no'), but is preserved in the Dari language dialects.
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Standard Persian /ou̯/ ↔ Tehrani oː. Examples برو /borou̯/ ↔ boroː; نوروز /nou̯ruːz/ ↔ noːruːz
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غ and ق denoted the original Arabic phonemes in Classical Persian, the voiced velar fricative and the voiceless uvular stop (pronounced in Persian as voiced uvular stop ), respectively. In modern Tehrani Persian (which is used in the Iranian mass media, both colloquial and standard), there is no difference in the pronunciation of غ and ق. Both letters are pronounced as a voiced velar fricative when positioned and unstressed, and as a voiced uvular stop otherwise.
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-e as the 3rd person singular suffix for verbs instead of Standard Persian -ad: میخوره 'mi:xoɾe ↔ میخورد 'mi:xoɾæd
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Use of verbal person suffixes on nominals for the verb بودن bu:dæn
Iranians can interchange colloquial Tehrani and standard Persian in conversational speech.
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